Resently I installed a new SharePoint Server Subscription Edition but in this case only with the latest security update (https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/5002191).
When I opened the home page of the newly created root site collection everything seems fine. But when navigation to some link in the quick launch I only got empty / blank pages. No errors in the Developer tools. Just no content.
(There was almost no content in the HTML DOM. Just the <head> tag with some content and the <body> tag with 1 <script> tag…)
After searching in the SharePoint logs I found this error:
Error encountered when creating uri from baseUrl /_layouts/15/next/odspnext/.
It helped me to find this page of Stefan Goßner: https://blog.stefan-gossner.com/2021/09/29/trending-issue-_layouts-15-viewlsts-aspx-shows-as-blank-page-in-sp2019-after-installing-september-pu/
This information is about ShgarePoint 2019 but the message and even the error code is identical.
So I installed the lastest available “language dependent” patch of January 2022: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/5002110
After installing it and after running the config wizard all the pages contents are shown!